The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the natural environment and orthopedic diseases based on remote sensing in Zhejiang Province, China. The Landsat 8 OLI images were employed to extract environmental factors such as the vegetation, water, and urban indices. Combined with the distribution data of patients of different ages diagnosed with different types of orthopedic diseases, derived from the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, we analyzed the spatial distribution relationship and evaluated the natural environmental factors around the distribution sites of the patients. The results showed that the vegetation index (NDVI) is negatively correlated with the prevalence of hospital visits, whereas the water index (MNDWI) is positively correlated. And urban index (IBI) is positively correlated but unstable. The analysis and evaluation of the impact of natural environmental factors related to the patient on orthopedic diseases show that the risk of orthopedic disease might be associated with less vegetation and