In this experiment, γ-Al₂O₃ was used as the carrier, and the alkaline earth metal oxide supported γ-Al₂O₃catalyst was prepared by an equal volume impregnation method. The coal sample and the catalyst were mixed and pyrolyzed through a fixed pyrolysis bed to produce hydrogenrich fuel gas and tar. The effects of pyrolysis conditions on hydrogen rich fuel gas components and tar were studied by changing the final pyrolysis temperature (450ºC, 500ºC, 550ºC, and 600ºC) and constant pyrolysis time (3 min, 5 min, 10 min and 15 min); MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO were used as active components, and the alkaline earth metal oxide supported γ-Al₂O₃catalyst was prepared and roasted by muffle furnace, and then the effects of alkaline earth metal oxides on hydrogen rich fuel gas components and tar were studied. The catalyst was characterized by XRD and BET, and the pyrolysis mechanism of coal and catalyst was studied. The results show that: (1) When the final temperature was 600ºC, the maximum tar was 0.32g, and the maximum gas was 1.44g. The CH₄ content was the largest from 450ºC to 550ºC, and the hydrogen content was the maximum at 600ºC. (2) The content of hydrogen at the final temperature 600ºC was the highest, and the oil yield was basically unchanged. (3) SrO/γ-Al₂O₃and BaO/γ-Al₂O₃catalyst had a good effect on coal pyrolysis to produce hydrogen rich fuel gas. (4) The specific surface areas of γ-Al₂O₃and BaO/γ-Al₂O₃were similar, but the XRD characterization showed that the BaO/γ-Al₂O₃catalyst contained more BaO active components, so BaO/γ-Al₂O₃has better catalytic cracking effect.