ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Variations in the Physicochemical Profile
of Khushab Coal under Various Environmental
Conditions
Nyla Amjed1, Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti1, Khalid Arif2, Munawar Iqbal3, Arif Nazir3, Muhammad Zahid1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faaisalabad, Pakistan
2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
3Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
2Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
3Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Submission date: 2017-03-21
Final revision date: 2017-04-17
Acceptance date: 2017-04-22
Online publication date: 2018-02-05
Publication date: 2018-03-12
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2018;27(3):987–992
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This work illustrates the proximate analysis on three types of coal samples obtained from Khushab
mines in Pakistan. Analysis of the coal matrix was carried out to determine volatile matter, ash contents,
moisture, fixed carbon contents, calorific values, and sulfur contents as per standards of American Society
for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The results of proximate analysis show 30.46% fixed carbon content,
28.08% ash content, 6.96% total moisture content, and 34.5% volatile matter within sample A, whereas
40.56% volatile matter, 8.03% moisture content, 8.32% ash and 30.46% fixed carbon content was found
in sample B. Sample C contained 15.44% volatile matter, 9.16% moisture content, 40.64% ash content,
and 37.5% fixed carbon content, respectively. Sample B has higher calorific value and sulphur contents in
comparison to A and C. These coal samples are of good quality from an industrial prospective, but they
need to be desulphurized prior to industrial use for the sake of the environment.
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