Considering China’s goal of achieving peak carbon emissions in 2030 and carbon neutrality in 2060, this paper analyzes carbon emissions, carbon emission intensity, the decoupling of carbon emissions and economic development, and associated influencing factors using data from Ordos City from 2009 to 2020. The methods employed are the IPCC carbon emission calculation method, Tapio decoupling model, and logarithmic average Dickens index decomposition. The results show the following: (1) During the study period, Ordos City carbon emissions showed an increasing trend, and the total carbon emissions increased from 5.634 billion tons in 2009 to 204.734 million tons in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 13.77%. (2) The decoupling elasticity of Ordos City from 2009 to 2016 was 1.26, which is the expansion negative decoupling state. From 2016 to 2020, the decoupling elasticity was -3.2657, showing a strong negative decoupling state. (3) The increase in population and per capita GDP in Ordos are the main factors contributing to the increase of carbon emissions, and the main negative growth driver is the increase in energy intensity.