Greenhouse gas emissions are influenced by the technologies that farmers use in their agricultural production. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the influencing factors for cotton farmers to adopt low-carbon technology. First of all, this study surveyed the progress of cotton farmers in Xinjiang and finally obtained 383 valid questionnaires. And then, a logistic model was used to analyze the influence on the adoption of key low-carbon technologies in the cotton cultivation process, combined with the theory of planned behavior. The results show that drip irrigation, soil testing, farmyard fertilizer, biodegradable film, and intercropping have different effects on farmers’ adoption of low-carbon technologies. Meanwhile, the attitude had no significant effect on cotton farmers’ adoption of low-carbon technology, while perceived behavior control and subjective norms had a significant effect on cotton farmers' adoption of low-carbon behavior. In the end, Suggestions are made from the following points. The government can improve farmers' awareness of low-carbon technologies by raising the level of education and expanding the publicity of agricultural low-carbon technologies. Businesses should be encouraged to provide farmers with free information on low-carbon technologies, so that cotton farmers can better understand agricultural low-carbon technologies. At the same time, to increase the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in training and income, farmers should be encouraged to participate in cooperatives. These initiatives will help the government to further promote low-carbon technologies.