The physicochemical characteristics of groundwater quality are assessed for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Palar sub-basin of the Kanchipuram district. Sixty-four groundwater samples are collected from the deep bore well, and physicochemical parameters are analyzed. Evaluated physicochemical parameters are assessed statistically and compared with WHO and BIS standards. Spatial distribution of physicochemical parameters of the groundwater and Drinking Water Quality Index (DWQI) in the study area is mapped in ArcGIS. The Piper trilinear diagram and Durov plot analysis indicate that the sodium cation and bicarbonates anions are the major ions. According to the Gibbs plot, the chemical weathering of rock-forming minerals is the main driving force which influences water chemistry in this area. The Wilcox diagram and irrigation water quality indices are used to evaluate the groundwater suitability for irrigation. The results reveal that most groundwater samples are suitable for irrigation. The Pearson correlation shows that majority of the parameters are positively correlated with each other. The DWQI in the study area ranges from 51.83 to 384.29 indicating that the groundwater has deteriorated in the western and central regions of the study area, which requires treatment before consumption and protection from geogenic and anthropogenic contamination. Water users can be benefited from the prediction of groundwater quality in the study area.