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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Comparison of Hydrochemical Characteristics
and Biodiversity in Diverse Aquifers
of Typical Coal Mines: A Case Study
of the Huaibei Coalfield in China
1
Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil & Water Pollution, Ministry of Ecology
and Environment, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
2
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources
and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
3
Key Laboratory of Mine Water Resource Utilization of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources
and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
4
Zhongke Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, Hefei 230088, PR China
Submission date: 2024-07-22
Final revision date: 2024-09-20
Acceptance date: 2025-01-17
Online publication date: 2025-04-04
Corresponding author
Manli Lin
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
Weihua Peng
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
National Engineering Research Center of Coal Mine Water Hazard Controlling, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, PR China
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics of different aquifers, controlling
factors, bacterial community structural characteristics, and their interaction with groundwater
environmental factors in typical coal mines in the Huaibei Coalfield. A total of nine groundwater
samples from the Cenozoic Loose Layer Pore (Second and Third), Carboniferous Taiyuan Group Tuff
Karst Fissure, and Ordovician Tuff Karst Fissure aquifers were collected and used for water chemistry
analysis and bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The overall groundwater in the study area was
weakly alkaline, and the hydrochemical type of groundwater was dominated by the SO4•Cl-Na type,
followed by the SO4•Cl-Ca•Mg and HCO3-Mg•Ca types. The weathering of silicate and carbonate rocks
controlled the formation of the chemical components of the groundwater, and the groundwater tended to
develop from silicate to carbonate rocks. The dominant microbes in groundwater from different aquifers
were Bacillaceae and Streptococcaceae, but their abundance was significantly affected by the depth;
the abundance of the two bacterial groups was loose layer aquifer > Taiyuan limestone aquifer
> Ordovician limestone aquifer. HCO3- and F- were the main factors affecting the distribution of
bacterial community structure. The study’s results provide theoretical references for exploring the
hydrochemical formation mechanisms and microbiological properties of different aquifers, as well as potential references for utilizing the differences in bacterial properties for identifying water sources
during mine water emergencies.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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