ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Efficacy of Various Plant Extracts and Synergism
Against Domestic Species of Rice Weevil
Sitophilous Oryzae (Curculionidae: Coleoptera)
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1
Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University,
Zhenjiang 212013, China
2
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur,
Haripur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22062 Pakistan
3
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment,
Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
4
Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
5
Department of Pant Protection, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab-Pakistan
6
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
7
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
8
Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
9
Department of Entomology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan
10
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, P.O. Box: 80203, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
Submission date: 2023-10-05
Final revision date: 2023-11-09
Acceptance date: 2023-11-20
Online publication date: 2024-02-23
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Corresponding author
Jianfan Sun
Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2024;33(3):3033-3044
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ABSTRACT
Despite being successful in preventing pests from entering stored goods, residual synthetic
pesticides have had a negative impact on the environment. However, the prohibitive cost of synthetic
pesticides and the risk of target pests developing insecticide resistance have prompted researchers
to develop alternative management strategies. Since plant-based pesticides are biodegradable and
less dangerous for organisms other than the target species, they are a useful alternative to chemical
pesticides. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of plant extract in preventing
the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (Linnaeous) (Coloptera: Curcolinidae) from infesting stored-products.
For toxicity and synergism against S. oryzae, aqueous extracts of Cannabis sative L., Dodonaea
visicosa L., and Parthenium hysterophorus L., were evaluated at different concentrations. D. viscosa and P. hysterophorus extract concentrations were 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0%, and C. sativa extract
concentrations were 0.62, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%. A completely random design with three replications
was used, with distilled water serving as the control. The experimental setting was kept at 27± 2oC
and 65±5% R.H. The findings showed that D. visicosa, P. hysterophorus, and C. sativa caused 97%,
90%, and 83% of mortalities at the highest doses, respectively. At highest concentrations, the mortalities
found for binary combinations of D. viscosa and P. hysterophorus, D. viscosa and C. sativa, and P.
hysterophorus and C. sativa, respectively, were 80%, 77%, and 70%. When used in combination, the
effects of D. visicosa, P. hysterophorus, and C. sative produce 100% mortalities, indicating synergism.
In single applications for all treatments, plant extracts were the most toxic. However, when used in
combination, S. oryzae is completely killed. Phytochemical screening test all the compounds were
detected but saponins and coumarins were higher in D. visicosa and P. hysterophorus. As a result,
mixing plant extract greatly increases the effectiveness of reducing S. oryzae in storage facilities. Smallscale
farmers may benefit from the study's findings since they may offer them a grain storage approach
that is both practical and affordable.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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