ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Modelling Impacts of Climate Change on Habitat Suitability of Three Endemic Plant Species in Pakistan
 
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1
Department of Environmental Science, International Islamic University Islamabad. Pakistan
 
2
Department of Botany, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh
 
3
Department of Botany, Government Hashmat Ali Islamia College Rawalpindi, Pakistan
 
4
Institute of Agro-Industry and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
 
5
Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, Department of Soil Science The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
 
 
Submission date: 2023-01-13
 
 
Final revision date: 2023-02-25
 
 
Acceptance date: 2023-03-04
 
 
Online publication date: 2023-04-24
 
 
Publication date: 2023-06-23
 
 
Corresponding author
Ammad Waheed Qazi   

Department of Environmental Science, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2023;32(4):3281-3290
 
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ABSTRACT
The use of species distribution modelling under climate change to anticipate alterations in species’ habitats is a concern in ecological conservation. This research aimed to simulate the present suitable habitat distribution of three species that are rare and endemic to Pakistan and to analyse the possible climate change consequences on habitat suitability in the future (2050 and 2070). We projected potentially suitable habitat distributions using two shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios (SSPs 245 and SSPs 585). The potential distribution was modelled with MaxEnt using species presence-only data, and environmental variables. The modelling approach included seven climate-related variables in total. The model was validated using AUC, TSS, and Jackknife. For all species, the AUC score was >0.85. The present distribution of all three species has been significantly impacted by precipitationrelated factors (bio 14, bio 17, and bio 18). The temperature and topographic diversity also impacted the distribution. The potentially suitable habitat for Buxus papillosa and Rydingia limbata is projected to increase (39 % and 44 % respectively) in the 2050s under SSPs 245, and the potentially suitable habitat for Gentiana kurroo is projected to decrease (24%) in 2070s under SSPs 585. All species may expect appropriate habitats to expand or shrink, however, there will probably be a significant loss of native habitats. We recommend designating climate-change-affected places as conservation protection zones based on these results.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
 
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eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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