ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Risk
Assessment of Heavy Metals under Reclaimed
Water Irrigation and Water Level Regulations
in Paddy Field
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1
Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary (Zhejiang Institute of Marine Planning and Design),
Hangzhou, 310020, P.R. China
2
North China University of Water Resource and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450045, P.R. China
Submission date: 2021-07-26
Final revision date: 2021-10-09
Acceptance date: 2021-10-23
Online publication date: 2022-02-24
Publication date: 2022-04-06
Corresponding author
Yuanyuan Li
Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, 210098, Nanjing, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2022;31(3):2355-2365
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ABSTRACT
This article carried out research on changes of heavy metals in soil and rice plant with different
reclaimed water irrigation and water level regulations. The results showed that, the heavy metals content
in soil was increased after irrigated by reclaimed water, but short-term reclaimed water irrigation will
not cause heavy metal pollution to the soil. The coefficient of variation had a stronger level of variation
for Cd, Cr and Cu (>30%). With R2 irrigation, the Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr content in rice root could be reduced,
and the Cd, Cr content in rice stem could be reduced, and also the Zn, Cd, Cr content in rice leaf
could be reduced. The ecological risk coefficient of Cd in the soil was the highest, followed by Cu
and Pb, and the risk coefficient of Cr and Zn was lower. The soil risk index at 60-80cm soil layer
was the highest under R1 irrigation, while it was the highest at 20-40cm soil layer under R2. Among
them, the ecological risk of Cd under irrigation of various water sources was the highest. R1 was at a
strong risk on average, and R2 and R3 were moderate risks. Under reclaimed water irrigation, Cd, Pb,
Cr had significant correlation to soil Ec, while Cu had significant correlation to NO3--N, and Zn had
a significant correlation to sanity and NH4+-N. Therefore, R2 source might be the safest and efficient
irrigation source.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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