SHORT COMMUNICATION
Green and Environmentally Friendly Techniques
for Enhanced Physicochemical Characteristics
Attributed to Polysaccharides
for Industrial Applications
| 1 | Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan |
| 2 | Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan |
| 3 | Department of Chemistry, University of Education, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Pakistan |
| 4 | Department of Chemistry, University of Sahiwal, Sahiwal, Pakistan |
| 5 | Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (USPCASAFS),
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan |
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Online publication date: 2020-03-16
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Submission date: 2019-06-25
Final revision date: 2019-08-01
Acceptance date: 2019-08-04
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2020;29(5):3457–3466
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Guar esters of long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acids (fatty acid) were prepared and examined.
Esterification was done in two steps, with the first goal to prepare acid chloride by refluxing acid with
slight excess of thionyl chloride, and the product was confirmed by elemental analysis. Ten different
types of fatty acid (C5-C18) were used for derivatization. The reaction mechanism for synthesis of fatty
acid ester of guar was studied in detail. Physical properties of the esters were examined as well. The
degree of substitution was calculated by titration method and structure elucidation was done using
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques.
