Sorbus foliolosa is a threatened high-altitude flowering (Rosaceae) species that is endemic to the Himalayan region. Due to ongoing habitat destruction, the population is decreasing at an alarming rate and has a narrow distribution range. So, there is an urgent need to evaluate the population size, distribution range, and conservation status in order to establish feasible conservation strategies. Recent field expeditions in the western Himalayan region of Kashmir at 4250 m elevation recorded Sorbus foliolosa populations. This study provides a detailed description of the morphology and micro-anatomy of the taxon under investigation, with a focus on seeds and leaf surfaces examined through a scanning electron microscope. On the adaxial leaf surface, images from SEM show raised and thickened periclinal walls and straight and thickened anticlinal walls. Irregular or striate patterns on the abaxial surface with anomocytic stomata. Reticulate sculpturing, raised and thickened periclinal walls, buttressed anticlinal walls, and irregular epidermal cell arrangements characterize seed surfaces. The species illustration, distribution map, and updated description are presented. Sorbus foliolosa is declared a threatened species in the Kashmir region because of its small population size, following the criteria of the IUCN Red List. We urge that policymakers and the forest department implement conservation strategies and the involvement of local communities to conserve this critically endangered species in the Kashmir Himalayas.