A greenhouse experiment was carried out to determine the effect of biotechnological and fungicide treatments on the colonization of winter wheat kernels by epiphytic and endophytic Pseudomonas and Azotobacter bacteria, filamentous, and yeast-like fungi. Microbiological analyses were performed using two techniques that involved placing kernels on PDA medium, and washing kernels to remove the microbes and plating the wash on selective media.
The predominant microbial groups washed from the surface of winter wheat kernels were the pseudomonads and yeast-like fungi. Bacteria of the genus Azotobacter were present primarily inside kernels, and their counts increased after six months of grain storage. The application of Moddus 250 EC and Amistar 250 SC increased the abundance of most microorganisms, including F. poae. The fungicides Corbel 750 EC and Opera Max 147.5 SE, the growth promoter Asahi SL, and the plant resistance inducer Biochicol 020 PC inhibited the growth of endophytic yeast-like and filamentous fungi. Yeast-like fungi formed multicellular clusters on the surface of wheat kernels.