In order to cope with the increasingly severe energy crisis and climate and environmental change, energy conservation and environmental protection industry has become an emerging field for the optimization of China‘s economic structure and the development of green circular economy. However, lack of funds restricts the growth of energy conservation and environmental protection industries. Aiming at the financing difficulty of energy conservation and environmental protection industry, this paper introduces supply chain finance theory and game theory to establish accounts receivable game model. In a two-level supply chain composed of the core manufacturer and the supplier with financial constraints, the optimal decision and profit of the supplier, manufacturer, and bank under the condition of three-party compliance are studied, by using the Stackelberg game model. At the same time, the supply chain financing game under complete information condition and incomplete information condition is analyzed theoretically. Finally, through the method of example analysis, it is proved that the supplier’s initial capital, the manufacturer’s order quantity, the bank interest rate, the supplier’s financing pledge rate and so on have a significant impact on the supply chain financing income.