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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Population Urbanization and Agricultural
Labor Transfer: The Drivers for Green
Total Factor Productivity Based on
the Perspective of Factor Flow
1
School of Economics, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, 330013, China
2
College of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
3
College of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
4
School of Finance and Economics, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, China
Submission date: 2024-02-01
Final revision date: 2024-04-06
Acceptance date: 2024-05-14
Online publication date: 2024-09-04
Publication date: 2025-01-28
Corresponding author
Zhipeng Wang
College of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
College of Economics and Management, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(3):3105-3120
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study calculates green total factor productivity (GTFP) in China by using super-efficiency SBM
(slacks-based measure) and explores the relationship between China’s urbanization, agricultural labor
transfer (ALT), and GTFP. Firstly, the results show a significant improvement in the GTFP of China’s
counties over the last two decades, there is a positive correlation between GTFP and geographical
location. Secondly, urbanization has a significant role in promoting the development of GTFP.
Urbanization can promote GTFP by accelerating the ALT. Under the higher level of social welfare,
urbanization, and the ALT have a stronger role in promoting GTFP. Thirdly, urbanization and ALT
have a lag effect on GTFP, and they play a promoting effect on GTFP in the long run. Heterogeneity
analysis shows that urbanization and ALT can better promote the improvement of GTFP in areas with
a developed economy and low information technology levels.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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