Prior to and following the implementation of the “double reduction” strategy in China, regional variations in pesticide usage and grain yield were examined using the Theil index, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and elasticity coefficient. The findings revealed an increasing tendency in eastern China and a declining trend in western China for intra-regional variances. The increased grain yield in the eastern and central regions was less affected by the double reduction program. The program, however, had had a significant impact on the rise in grain yield in the west. In comparison to the prior year, pesticide usage in China exhibited a significant decline with the adoption of the double reduction program (2015-2019). At the global level, there was a positive spatial association between the usage of pesticides and grain yield. The majority of regions left the “high-high” and “high-low” concentration zones for pesticide usage between 2015 and 2019. A “double growth zone” was what distinguishes the relationship between pesticide usage and grain yield in China from 2010 to 2014. The “other factors influence zone” predominated by 2015–2019. In keeping with the performance of the national pesticide usage intensity, the Eastern, Central, and Northeastern regions’ pesticide usage intensity decreased generally between 2010 and 2014. In the western region, there was an increase in pesticide usage intensity. In comparison to the nation as a whole, all four regions exhibited a declining trend in pesticide usage intensity from 2015 to 2019. Together, the strategies for reducing the use of pesticides in all regions had been better carried out until 2019.