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eISSN: 2083-5906
ISSN: 1230-1485
ISSN: 1230-1485
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Efficient Removal of Sb(Ⅲ) Using Fe-Mn-
Modified Wheat Straw Biochar: Multifaceted
Optimization and Mechanism
1
Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Development and Mining Area Environmental Remediation of Suzhou City,
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
Submission date: 2025-07-31
Final revision date: 2025-10-29
Acceptance date: 2025-11-08
Online publication date: 2026-02-18
Corresponding author
Dun Fu
Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Development and Mining Area Environmental Remediation of Suzhou City, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Development and Mining Area Environmental Remediation of Suzhou City, School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, Anhui, China
KEYWORDS
iron-manganese-modified biocharantimonite adsorptionresponse surface optimizationadsorption-oxidation mechanism
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In this study, wheat straw was used as a raw material to prepare biochar (BC), and an in situ
impregnation and carbonization method was adopted to prepare Fe-Mn-modified BC (FMBC)
composites for the adsorption of antimonite (Sb(Ⅲ)) in water. Adsorption kinetics, response surface
curves, and isothermal adsorption were utilized to conduct in-depth research on the adsorption
performance of FMBC for removing antimony in water. Modern characterization techniques such as
X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission
electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate the
mechanism of antimony adsorption from water by FMBC. Results showed that FMBC had stronger
adsorption performance for Sb(Ⅲ) than wheat straw BC, with the maximum adsorption amount of 23.76
mg·g−1 at 35°C. In the kinetic experiments, the quasi-secondary kinetic model could efficiently describe
the whole adsorption process, which indicated that the adsorption process was mainly dominated by
chemisorption. After the response surface optimization, the removal rate of Sb(Ⅲ) could reach 93.73%
under optimal conditions. The results of isothermal adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption
process was considerably in line with the Langmuir model, indicating that this adsorption was inclined
to monomolecular-layer adsorption. XPS and other analyses demonstrated that FMBC mainly consisted
of iron oxides and manganese oxides and had a large specific surface area, with an abundance of oxygencontaining
functional groups. The mechanism of Sb(Ⅲ) adsorption by FMBC primarily comprised
redox reactions, complexation, and ion exchange. The above results indicated that the Fe–Mn-modified
wheat straw BC could be used as an effective adsorption material for the treatment of Sb(Ⅲ)-containing
wastewater.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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| ISSN: | 1230-1485 |
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