Hydromeliorations cover a wide spectrum of activities aimed at more intensive and efficient use of land for agricultural production. In the Czech Republic (CR), agricultural land drainage has been implemented not only in lowlands in the vicinity of the lower reaches of watercourses but, to a large extent, in the central and upper reaches of watercourses in water spring areas. Drainage using systematic drainage systems was at its prime in the 1970s and 1980s. Its general implementation in Europe is hardly comparable. The database kept by the Agricultural Water Management Administration (AWMA) includes records on nearly 1,084,800 ha of drained land lots in the CR. However, this data is far from final. In a number of cases, the systematic drainage systems are close to the end of their service life. To search for and document the existing hydromelioration measures, it is necessary to make maximum possible use of supporting data, including original design documentation. Our article is dedicated to hydromelioration measures of the systematic drainage type constructed during the 20^th century. In historic terms, these measures have a major impact on the landscape structure and related landscape functions.