ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Studies on Bioflocculant Production
by Bacillus sp. AEMREG7
Kunle Okaiyeto1,2, Uchechukwu U. Nwodo1,2, Arinze S. Okoli3, Leonard V. Mabinya1,2, Anthony I. Okoh1,2
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1SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare,
Alice 5700, South Africa
2Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology,
University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
3GenØK-3Centre for Biosafety, Forskningsparken i Breivika,
Postboks 6418, 9294 Tromsø, Norway
Submission date: 2015-08-14
Final revision date: 2015-09-08
Acceptance date: 2015-09-08
Publication date: 2016-01-25
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2016;25(1):241-250
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The detrimental effects of inorganic and organic synthetic flocculants on humans and their recalcitrance
in the environment have necessitated the search for safe, eco-friendly alternatives, including microbial
flocculants. A bioflocculant-producing bacteria was isolated from sediment samples of Algoa Bay
in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The bacteria was identified through partial 16S ribosomal
ribonucleic acids (rRNA), nucleotide sequencing, and BLAST analysis of the gene sequence that showed
the bacteria to have 98% similarity to Bacillus algicola strain QD43 and deposited in GenBank as Bacillus
sp. AEMREG7 with accession number KF933697.1. The effect of culture conditions on MBF-UFH
production revealed optimally at inoculum size of 3% (v/v), glucose, a mixed nitrogen source [NH4 (SO4)2
+ urea + yeast extract], and pH 6 for inoculums size, carbon and nitrogen sources, and initial medium pH
for the fermentation process, respectively. The spent culture broth-rich bioflocculant attained the highest
flocculating activity of 88.5% after 72 h of fermentation during the exponential phase of bacterial growth. It
showed a high flocculating activity for kaolin clay suspension over a wide pH range of 4-10 with maximum
flocculating activity observed at pH 6; and also retained 70.5% flocculating activity after heating at 100ºC
for 60 min. These findings suggest that MBF-UFH has a great potential to substitute hazardous chemical
flocculants commonly used in water treatment, hence reducing deformities among individuals in society.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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