About the Journal
In Memory of Professor Jerzy Radecki
Editorial Office
Editorial Board
Scope
Impact Factor
Indexed in...
Journal Impact Factor contributing items
Contact
Subscription
Current issue
Online first
Notes to Authors
Frequently Asked Questions
Editorial policies
PJOES Publication Policy Overview
PJOES Peer Review Policy
PJOES Research Ethics and Malpractice Policy
PJOES Plagiarism Policy
PJOES Conflict of Interest Policy
PJOES Open Access Policy
PJOES Instructions for Reviewers
Generative AI and AI-Assisted Technologies Policy
Archive
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Unveiling the Impact of Pharmaceutical Activities
on Soil Bacterial Communities Around a Typical
Pharmaceutical Factory in North China
1
Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center,
Jinan 250014, China
2
Shandong Jinan Eco-Environmental Monitoring Center, Jinan 250101, China
3
Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co., Ltd, Jinan 250199, China
4
School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250024, China
Submission date: 2024-07-17
Final revision date: 2024-10-09
Acceptance date: 2024-10-28
Online publication date: 2025-01-27
Publication date: 2025-11-14
Corresponding author
Lihong Wang
Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(6):8295-8312
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
There are a large number of microorganisms in the soil, and other factors, such as soil physical
and chemical properties, metal content, and antibiotic concentration, can affect the soil microbial
community. In this investigation on the influence of pharmaceutical factory production activities
on the diversity of soil microbial communities, we investigated the changes in metal content,
physical and chemical properties, antibiotics, and drug resistance genes (ARGs) of the soils around
the pharmaceutical factories and then demonstrated the influence of pharmaceutical factory operations
on the diversity of soil microbial communities. The results showed that the concentration of antibiotics
was within the detection limits. However, according to the cluster thermogram, it was found that there
was a large amount of arginine in the soil downwind of the pharmaceutical factory. The production
of these ARGs may be influenced by many factors. The production activities of pharmaceutical
companies may promote the production of new microbial species, which is related to pH, SOM, Cr,
and other factors and has little to do with the concentration of antibiotics.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
REFERENCES (59)
1.
ISLAM W., NOMAN A., NAVEED H., HUANG Z., CHEN H.Y.H. Role of environmental factors in shaping the soil microbiome. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 27 (33), 41225, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356... PMid:32829437.
2.
XUE P.-P., CARRILLO Y., PINO V., MINASNY B., MCBRATNEY A.B. Soil Properties Drive Microbial Community Structure in a Large Scale Transect in South Eastern Australia. Scientific Reports. 8 (1), 11725, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598... PMid:30082740 PMCid:PMC6078944.
3.
WU B., LUO H., WANG X., LIU H., PENG H., SHENG M., XU F., XU H. Effects of environmental factors on soil bacterial community structure and diversity in different contaminated districts of Southwest China mine tailings. Science of the Total Environment. 802, 149899, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:34464792.
4.
HOU J., WU L., LIU W., GE Y., MU T., ZHOU T., LI Z., ZHOU J., SUN X., LUO Y., CHRISTIE P. Biogeography and diversity patterns of abundant and rare bacterial communities in rice paddy soils across China. Science of the Total Environment. 730, 139116, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:32402971.
5.
LAUBER C.L., HAMADY M., KNIGHT R., FIERER N. Pyrosequencing-based assessment of soil pH as a predictor of soil bacterial community structure at the continental scale. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 75 (15), 5111, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00... PMid:19502440 PMCid:PMC2725504.
6.
ZENG Q., AN S., LIU Y., WANG H., WANG Y. Biogeography and the driving factors affecting forest soil bacteria in an arid area. Science of the Total Environment. 680, 124, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:31100663.
7.
ZHAO J., XIE X., JIANG Y., LI J., FU Q., QIU Y., FU X., YAO Z., DAI Z., QIU Y., CHEN H. Effects of simulated warming on soil microbial community diversity and composition across diverse ecosystems. Science of the Total Environment. 911, 168793, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:37996030.
8.
SONG D.D., REN L., LI X., MA D.L., ZANG S.Y. Soil Bacterial Diversity and Composition of Different Forest Types in Greater Xing'an Mountains, China. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 19 (3), 1983, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/....
9.
GUO G., KONG W., LIU J., ZHAO J., DU H., ZHANG X., XIA P. Diversity and distribution of autotrophic microbial community along environmental gradients in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 99 (20), 8765, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253... PMid:26084890.
10.
WANG X., FENG J., AO G., QIN W., HAN M., SHEN Y., LIU M., CHEN Y., ZHU B. Globally nitrogen addition alters soil microbial community structure, but has minor effects on soil microbial diversity and richness. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 179, 108982, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soil....
11.
SAJJAD W., ALI B., BAHADUR A., GHIMIRE P.S., KANG S. Bacterial Diversity and Communities Structural Dynamics in Soil and Meltwater Runoff at the Frontier of Baishui Glacier No.1, China. Microbial Ecology. 81 (2), 370, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248... PMid:32918153.
12.
ZHU Y., ZHANG Q., XU J., QU Q., LU T., DU B., KE M., ZHANG M., QIAN H. Changes in bacterial community structure and antibiotic resistance genes in soil in the vicinity of a pharmaceutical factory. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 158, 87, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoe... PMid:29660617.
13.
YERIMA E.A., ATOSHI M.A. Assessment of drugs production operations impact on minerals and heavy metals levels of soils around the facilities. Trends in Ecological and Indoor Environment Engineering. 1 (1), 1, 2023. https://doi.org/10.62622/TEIEE....
14.
HU Y., JIANG L., ZHANG T., JIN L., HAN Q., ZHANG D., LIN K., CUI C. Occurrence and removal of sulfonamide antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in conventional and advanced drinking water treatment processes. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 360, 364, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhaz... PMid:30130695.
15.
CYCON M., MROZIK A., PIOTROWSKA-SEGET Z. Antibiotics in the Soil Environment-Degradation and Their Impact on Microbial Activity and Diversity. Frontiers in Microbiology. 10, 338, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.... PMid:30906284 PMCid:PMC6418018.
16.
FORSBERG K.J., PATEL S., GIBSON M.K., LAUBER C.L., KNIGHT R., FIERER N., DANTAS G. Bacterial phylogeny structures soil resistomes across habitats. Nature. 509 (7502), 612, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature... PMid:24847883 PMCid:PMC4079543.
17.
NARENDRULA-KOTHA R., NKONGOLO K.K. Bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity in a mining region under long-term metal exposure revealed by metagenomics sequencing. Ecological Genetics and Genomics. 2, 13, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egg.....
18.
SAZYKIN I., KHMELEVTSOVA L., AZHOGINA T., SAZYKINA M. Heavy Metals Influence on the Bacterial Community of Soils: A Review. Agriculture. 13 (3), 653, 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/agricu....
19.
DINESH R., SREENA C.P., SHEEJA T.E., KUMAR I.P.V., PRAVEENA R., CHARLES S., SRINIVASAN V., JAYARAJAN K., SAJITH V., SUBILA K.P., HARITHA P. Soil polluted with nano ZnO reveals unstable bacterial communities and decoupling of taxonomic and functional diversities. Science of the Total Environment. 889, 164285, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:37209750.
20.
SUN X., SUN M.J., CHAO Y., SHANG X.Y., WANG H., PAN H., YANG Q.G., LOU Y.H., ZHUGE Y.P. Effects of lead pollution on soil microbial community diversity and biomass and on invertase activity. Soil Ecology Letters. 5 (1), 118, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42832....
21.
SHAW J.L.A., ERNAKOVICH J.G., JUDY J.D., FARRELL M., WHATMUFF M., KIRBY J. Long-term effects of copper exposure to agricultural soil function and microbial community structure at a controlled and experimental field site. Environmental Pollution. 263, 114411, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envp... PMid:32247199.
22.
CHU H., GAO G.-F., MA Y., FAN K., DELGADO-BAQUERIZO M. Soil Microbial Biogeography in a Changing World: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. mSystems. 5 (2), 2020. https://doi.org/10.1128/mSyste... PMid:32317392 PMCid:PMC7174637.
23.
DONG X.W., ZHANG X.K., BAO X.L., WANG J.K. Spatial distribution of soil nutrients after the establishment of sand-fixing shrubs on sand dune. Plant, Soil and Environment. 55 (7), 288, 2009. https://doi.org/10.17221/13/20....
24.
ZENG J.-Y., MENG M., QI L., LI Y., YAO H. Environmental risks in swine biogas slurry-irrigated soils: A comprehensive analysis of antibiotic residues, resistome, and bacterial pathogens. Environment International. 191, 108954, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envi... PMid:39173236.
25.
YANG C., CHOWDHURY D., ZHANG Z., CHEUNG W.K., LU A., BIAN Z., ZHANG L. A review of computational tools for generating metagenome-assembled genomes from metagenomic sequencing data. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 19, 6301, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj... PMid:34900140 PMCid:PMC8640167.
26.
CAPORASO J.G., LAUBER C.L., WALTERS W.A., BERG-LYONS D., LOZUPONE C.A., TURNBAUGH P.J., FIERER N., KNIGHT R. Global patterns of 16S rRNA diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (Suppl 1), 4516, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1... PMid:20534432 PMCid:PMC3063599.
27.
YOUSSEF N., SHEIK C.S., KRUMHOLZ L.R., NAJAR F.Z., ROE B.A., ELSHAHED M.S. Comparison of species richness estimates obtained using nearly complete fragments and simulated pyrosequencing-generated fragments in 16S rRNA gene-based environmental surveys. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 75 (16), 5227, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00... PMid:19561178 PMCid:PMC2725448.
28.
LIU Y.X., QIN Y., CHEN T., LU M., QIAN X., GUO X., BAI Y. A practical guide to amplicon and metagenomic analysis of microbiome data. Protein Cell. 12 (5), 315, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13238... PMid:32394199 PMCid:PMC8106563.
29.
WANG J., HUANG R., LIANG Y., LONG X., WU S., HAN Z., LIU H., HUANGFU X. Prediction of antibiotic sorption in soil with machine learning and analysis of global antibiotic resistance risk. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 466, 133563, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhaz... PMid:38262323.
30.
ZHI D., YANG D., ZHENG Y., YANG Y., HE Y., LUO L., ZHOU Y. Current progress in the adsorption, transport and biodegradation of antibiotics in soil. Journal of Environmental Management. 251, 109598, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenv... PMid:31563054.
31.
ÁLVAREZ-ESMORÍS C., RODRÍGUEZ-LÓPEZ L., NÚÑEZ-DELGADO A., ÁLVAREZ-RODRÍGUEZ E., FERNÁNDEZ-CALVIÑO D., ARIAS-ESTÉVEZ M. Influence of pH on the adsorption-desorption of doxycycline, enrofloxacin, and sulfamethoxypyridazine in soils with variable surface charge. Environmental Research. 214, 114071, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envr... PMid:35995223.
32.
CHEN Y., HU C., DENG D., LI Y., LUO L. Factors affecting sorption behaviors of tetracycline to soils: Importance of soil organic carbon, pH and Cd contamination. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 197, 110572, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoe... PMid:32283410.
33.
VON WINTERSDORFF C.J.H., PENDERS J., VAN NIEKERK J.M., MILLS N.D., MAJUMDER S., VAN ALPHEN L.B., SAVELKOUL P.H.M., WOLFFS P.F.G. Dissemination of Antimicrobial Resistance in Microbial Ecosystems through Horizontal Gene Transfer. Frontiers in Microbiology. 7, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.... PMid:26925045 PMCid:PMC4759269.
34.
CAI C., LIU H., DAI X., WHALEN J.K. Multiple selection of resistance genes in arable soil amended with cephalosporin fermentation residue. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 136, 107538, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soil....
35.
HUANG L., XU Y.-B., XU J.-X., LING J.-Y., CHEN J.-L., ZHOU J.-L., ZHENG L., DU Q.-P. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in duck and fish production ponds with integrated or non-integrated mode. Chemosphere. 168, 1107, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chem... PMid:27816285.
36.
EDGAR R.C. Updating the 97% identity threshold for 16S ribosomal RNA OTUs. Bioinformatics. 34 (14), 2371, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinf... PMid:29506021.
37.
EDGAR R.C. UNOISE2: improved error-correction for Illumina 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing. BiorRxiv. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1101/081257.
38.
ZHOU H., ZHANG D., JIANG Z., SUN P., XIAO H., YUXIN W., CHEN J. Changes in the soil microbial communities of alpine steppe at Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau under different degradation levels. Science of the Total Environment. 651 (2), 2281, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:30326458.
39.
KUPPUSAMY S., VENKATESWARLU K., MEGHARAJ M., SELLAPPA K., LEE Y.B. Contamination of long-term manure-fertilized Indian paddy soils with veterinary antibiotics: Impact on bacterial communities and antibiotics resistance genes. Applied Soil Ecology. 192, 105106, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apso....
40.
AN J., LIU C., WANG Q., YAO M., RUI J., ZHANG S., LI X. Soil bacterial community structure in Chinese wetlands. Geoderma. 337, 290, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geod....
41.
WANG X., ZHANG N., CHEN K., CHEN T., QI D., MA Y. Response mechanism of soil microorganisms to simulated precipitation in the source wetland of Qinghai Lake. Ecological Processes. 13 (1), 2024. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13717....
42.
WANG C., YU J., ZHANG J., ZHU B., ZHAO W., WANG Z., YANG T., YU C. A review of factors affecting the soil microbial community structure in wetlands. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 31 (34), 46760, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356... PMid:38967845.
43.
EICHORST S.A., TROJAN D., ROUX S., HERBOLD C., RATTEI T., WOEBKEN D. Genomic insights into the Acidobacteria reveal strategies for their success in terrestrial environments. Environmental Microbiology. 20 (3), 1041, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2... PMid:29327410 PMCid:PMC5900883.
44.
DUAN C., LI X., LI C., YANG P., CHAI Y., XU W. Positive effects of fungal β diversity on soil multifunctionality mediated by pH in the natural restoration succession stages of alpine meadow patches. Ecological Indicators. 148, 110122, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecol....
45.
YIN C., JONES K.L., PETERSON D.E., GARRETT K.A., HULBERT S.H., PAULITZ T.C. Members of soil bacterial communities sensitive to tillage and crop rotation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 42 (12), 2111, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soil....
46.
XIONG R., HE X., GAO N., LI Q., QIU Z., HOU Y., SHEN W. Soil pH amendment alters the abundance, diversity, and composition of microbial communities in two contrasting agricultural soils. Microbiology Spectrum. 12 (8), 2024. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectr... PMid:38916324 PMCid:PMC11302230.
47.
ZHANG Q., HAN Y., CHEN W., GUO Y., WU M., WANG Y., LI H. Soil type and pH mediated arable soil bacterial compositional variation across geographic distance in North China Plain. Applied Soil Ecology. 169, 104220, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apso....
48.
CHANGEY F., NUNAN N., HERRMANN A.M., LERCH T.Z. Catching change in microbial diversity indicators under different soil organic matter managements: Higher taxonomic resolution, better discrimination? Ecological Indicators. 139, 108897, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecol....
49.
KIM H.S., LEE S.H., JO H.Y., FINNERAN K.T., KWON M.J. Diversity and composition of soil Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria communities as a bacterial indicator of past land-use change from forest to farmland. Science of the Total Environment. 797, 148944, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:34298360.
50.
BANERJEE S., GHOSH S., CHAKRABORTY S., SARKAR D., DATTA R., BHATTACHARYYA P. Synergistic impact of bioavailable PHEs and alkalinity on microbial diversity and traits in agricultural soil adjacent to chromium-asbestos mines. Environmental Pollution. 350, 124021, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envp... PMid:38657890.
51.
REN K., YANG X., LI J., JIN H., GU K., CHEN Y., LIU M., LUO Y., JIANG Y. Alleviating the adverse effects of Cd-Pb contamination through the application of silicon fertilizer: Enhancing soil microbial diversity and mitigating heavy metal contamination. Chemosphere. 352, 141414, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chem... PMid:38336042.
52.
XIANG Y., LAN J., DONG Y., ZHOU M., HOU H., HUANG B.-T. Pollution control performance of solidified nickel-cobalt tailings on site: Bioavailability of heavy metals and microbial response. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 471, 134295, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhaz... PMid:38631253.
53.
KONG F., QI Z., TONG H., REN N., YOU S. Case study on the relationship between transmission of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial community under freeze-thaw cycle on cold-region dairy farm. Science of the Total Environment. 952, 175989, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:39233087.
54.
ZHANG Y.T., LI J., WU T.Y., MA K., CHENG Z.T., YI Q.W., DAI Y.H., WANG B., CHEN Y., WANG B., HU X., YANG A.J., YANG Q., ZHONG X. Characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial community distribution in Wanfeng Lake, upper Pearl River, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 30 (35), 83214, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356... PMid:37338686.
55.
LU J.R., YUAN Q.B., WANG X.L., GONG L.L., AN X.Y., LIU J.Y. Antibiotics and microbial community-induced antibiotic-resistant genes distribution in soil and sediment in the eastern coastline of China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 194 (9), 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661... PMid:35867174.
56.
XU F., LI C., CHEN Y., WU J., BAI H., FAN S., YANG Y., ZHANG Y., LI S., SU J. Soil microbial community structure and soil fertility jointly regulate soil microbial residue carbon during the conversion from subtropical primary forest to plantations. Geoderma. 441, 116767, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geod....
57.
MA S., CHEN G., TIAN D., DU E., XIAO W., JIANG L., ZHOU Z., ZHU J., HE H., ZHU B., FANG J. Effects of seven-year nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil microbial community structures and residues in a tropical forest in Hainan Island, China. Geoderma. 361, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geod....
58.
ZHAI C., HAN L., XIONG C., GE A., YUE X., LI Y., ZHOU Z., FENG J., RU J., SONG J., JIANG L., YANG Y., ZHANG L., WAN S. Soil microbial diversity and network complexity drive the ecosystem multifunctionality of temperate grasslands under changing precipitation. Science of the Total Environment. 906, 167217, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scit... PMid:37751844.
59.
YAASHIKAA P.R., DEVI M.K., KUMAR P.S. Engineering microbes for enhancing the degradation of environmental pollutants: A detailed review on synthetic biology. Environmental Research. 214, 113868, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envr... PMid:35835162.
| eISSN: | 2083-5906 |
| ISSN: | 1230-1485 |
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.
