For a comprehensive response to climate change and low carbon development mode, the 3S-based regional terrestrial carbon cycle model in Luanhe basin is constructed in accordance with componentbased development strategy to identify carbon cycle evolution of terrestrial ecosystem under the background of local changes, combining measured weather data, prototype observation data of soil and plants as well as remote-sensing information in different spatial and temporal scales. The model has the ability of describing canopy fluxes, net primary productivity, biomass allocation and turnover, mortality, decomposition of soil organic matter and other dynamic processes. The carbon cycle evolution in Luanhe Basin from 1995 to 2010 is simulated and analyzed. The results are shown as follows: 1) in the temporal scale, inter-annual change of leaf area index with a slight growth trend is larger than that of net primary productivity (NPP), ground and underground biomass and soil carbon content; 2) There are obvious regional differences in spatial view, spatial distribution of results are consistent with those of watershed plant and soil, displaying the characteristics that the above major variables of mountainous regions in middle-upper reaches are greater than those of grassland meadows in the upstream and plains in the downstream.