Based on statistics data of livestock and poultry of Guangdong Province, seven characterization methods were used to characterize potential environmental pollution risk of livestock and poultry breeding (LPB) of Guangdong and were analyzed comparatively. The results showed that the results of different characterization methods of potential environmental pollution risk of LPB were generally uneven in spatial distribution. The maximum value of seven characterization methods of potential environmental pollution risk of LPB were all in Shunde District, but the minimum value of seven characterization methods of potential environmental pollution risk of LPB were in different counties. In addition, the number of counties exceeding the safety thresholds also had large differences among different characterization methods of potential environmental pollution risk of LPB. The maximum number, second number, and minimum number of counties exceeding safety thresholds was by the alarm value of pig manure equivalent load of farmland calculated by nitrogen (AVPMELFN), livestock density (LD), and the pig manure equivalent load of farmland calculated by phosphorus (PMELFP), which accounting for 82.22%, 53.89%, and 11.11% of total counties, respectively. It showed that the most stringent method was the AVPMELFN followed by the LD, and the least stringent method was the PMELFP.