Fusarium oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. culmorum, F. heterosporum, and F. solani were detected in asparagus spears. Identification based on morphology of F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum was confirmed by PCR with species-specific primers. The incidence of Fusarium colonization was the highest in the basal epidermal tissue of spears. The studies revealed high levels of MON and low levels of FB₁ in spears infected by F. oxysporum. There was no association between F. proliferatum occurrence and FB₁ or MON presence. Mycotoxins were found in spears with and without the disease symptoms, originating from Poznań and Świdwowiec, although fungi were common only in spears from the second location. However, in healthy spears the mycotoxin concentrations were low or undetectable. The presence of mycotoxins in uninfected spears may suggest their transport through vascular tissue from possible sources such as crowns and roots to spears.