The coal mining activities and urbanization of China’s coal resource-based cities have caused many ecological and environmental problems that cannot be ignored, seriously threatening regional ecological security. Constructing ecological security patterns (ESP) is an effective way to balance ecological protection, coal mining activities and urbanization. This study aims to take Jining City as an example, and propose a new ecological sensitivity assessment (ESA) method based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and then propose a new ESP construction method based on ESA, including the method of determining ecological source patches and their grades through ESA and patch connectivity evaluation, the method of extracting ecological corridors based on the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model, and the method of determining the grade of ecologically sensitive areas based on ESA, and then constructing ESP and "two core, three corridors and multiple points" ecological network planning. And then guide the urban development through ESP and ecological network planning.