Adventitious bud cultures were established by using buds of selected poplar clones ( Populus tremula Populus tremula L. L. × P. alba L.) as initial explants. The Murashige and Skoog medium (1/2 and 1/4 MS) was used for multipli- L.) as initial explants. The Murashige and Skoog medium (1/2 and 1/4 MS) was used for multipli- cation and rooting of shoots. To the media, aluminium was added in the form of sulphate, at a concentration 50-70 mg Al dm-3. The culture was continued in vitro for more than 12 months. The cultures developed on media with aluminium (Al+) were more tolerant to aluminium in the medium during multiplication than those developed on media without aluminium (Al-). Rooted poplar cuttings obtained from cultures on media with aluminium (Al+) grew better in soil from an area polluted by a phosphate fertilizer factory (Luboń) than those from media without aluminium (Al-). This soil was characterized by a high Al level, low Ca/Al ratio and low pH, as compared to the control soil, from an area regarded as free from toxic pollution.