The first phytosociological survey was conducted from 2019 to 2022 in Koh Valley, Chitral, Hindu Kush Range, Pakistan. This study primarily aims to address the degradation and loss of native vegetation within this specific ecological habitat. Deforestation, overgrazing, and land use change are some of the factors that are harming Koh Valley’s dry temperate forests. The loss of natural habitats and plant diversity threatens the existence of native plant species. The quantitative data on vegetation was collected at five monitoring sites using the systematic random sampling quadrate method. The quadrates were 10 m² for trees, 6 m² for shrubs, and 1.5 m² for herbaceous species. The vegetation analysis identified five plant communities, including the Artemisia-Prangos-Calamogrostis communities at the Koghuzi site. Artemisia-Prangos-Rheum was found in Prayet. Similarly, Artemisia- Artemisia-Bothriochloa was detected in Golain. Meanwhile, Artemisia-Rumex-Prangos was the dominant community in Kuju. Barenis consisted of Artemisia-Prangos-Rheum. In contrast to manual association, Ward's clustering algorithm split the vegetation into three different categories. PCA and CCA techniques were used to link vegetation data to environmental factors. However, statistical analysis revealed that the ordination axes of principal component analysis and canonical correlation analysis of stands and species were significantly correlated with organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The soil of the research area was very fertile. Soil texture was sandy, silty-loamy, and alkaline, with a pH of more than 7 at all sites. Both PCA and CCA are commonly used in vegetation analysis to understand the structure of plant communities and their response to environmental factors. It was found that the vegetation was under extreme biotic stress. The results also showed that vegetation at higher altitudes has a lower species richness than at lower altitudes. Fluctuations in temperature and precipitation patterns influence the development and spread of plants. These changes can potentially alter the phenology and species composition of plants and further threaten the environment, and they are particularly dangerous for arid temperate habitats. Deforestation and excessive grazing can lead to soil erosion, which reduces soil fertility and destabilizes the ecosystem, making it more difficult for plants to develop and survive.