ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Spatio-Temporal Variability and Trends
of Penman-Monteith Reference
Evapotranspiration (FAO-56) in 1971-2010
under Climatic Conditions of Poland
Leszek Łabędzki, Bogdan Bąk, Karolina Smarzyńska
Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, Kujawsko-Pomorski Research Center,
Glinki 60, 85-174 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Glinki 60, 85-174 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Submission date: 2014-04-08
Final revision date: 2014-06-23
Acceptance date: 2014-07-08
Publication date: 2014-12-16
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2014;23(6):2083–2091
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The trends of the seasonal (April-September) and monthly reference evapotranspiration time series were
analyzed using linear regression. In addition, the trends of air temperature and sunshine hours also were investigated
to show possible causes of the increase in reference evapotranspiration. The spatial variability of reference
evapotranspiration was lower than the temporal variability and is similar to the spatial distribution of
precipitation in the area of Poland. The highest reference evapotranspiration was recorded in the region with
the lowest rainfall. The statistically significant linear increasing trends of reference evapotranspiration were
determined at each analyzed station in 1971-2010. The increase in the growing season sum of reference evapotranspiration,
averaged over 18 stations, was 30 mm per 10 years. The significant increase in reference evapotranspiration
can be explained by the statistically significant increasing trends of air temperature and sunshine
hours.
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