This study investigates the relationship between digital economy development and the ecological environment in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, utilizing methods such as the entropy weight method, the Tapio decoupling model, the coupling coordination model, and the LMDI model for data analysis. The results show that Sichuan Province's digital economy has experienced sustained growth over the past decade, driven particularly by advances in cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, which have significantly transformed the economic structure. The development of the digital economy has achieved notable success in enhancing resource utilization efficiency and reducing emissions from traditional pollutants, with outstanding performance in smart city construction and green technology applications. However, the study also finds that the rapid expansion of the digital economy has been accompanied by increased environmental pressures, especially in terms of energy consumption and electronic waste management challenges. From 2017 to 2020, the coordination between the digital economy and ecological environment quality improved significantly, but 2021 data indicates a decline in ecological environment quality, possibly related to increased economic activities. The findings underscore the need for targeted policies that balance economic growth with ecological sustainability, particularly in high-impact sectors such as energy and e-waste management. Future research should focus on developing innovative strategies to mitigate environmental risks while leveraging the benefits of digital transformation.