ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Calcium Chloride Supplementation Improves in vivo Salt Stress Tolerance of Drumstick (Moringa oleifera L.)
 
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Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
 
 
Submission date: 2022-02-28
 
 
Final revision date: 2022-10-04
 
 
Acceptance date: 2022-11-07
 
 
Online publication date: 2023-01-23
 
 
Publication date: 2023-02-23
 
 
Corresponding author
Zahid Khorshid Abbas   

Biology, University of Tabuk, 71491, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2023;32(2):999-1008
 
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ABSTRACT
Salinity is becoming a bigger problem for agricultural production across the world. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) was used to mitigate the adverse impact of NaCl-induced oxidative stress in terms of growth parameters, chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein, proline, phenolic content (TPC), flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) radical, ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation in Moringa oleifera L. plants. There were 8 treatments in the experimentation including control, 100 mM NaCl, 200 mM NaCl, 300 mM NaCl, 100 mM NaCl + 3 mM CaCl2, 200 mM NaCl + 3 mM CaCl2 300 mM NaCl + 3 mM CaCl2 and 3 mM CaCl2 alone. The results NaCl (100 mM) with 3 mM CaCl2 revealed that the salt stress inhibited the growth parameters of fresh (7.23±0.2), dry weight (4.03±0.2), number of leaves (13.66±0.6), shoot (17.17±1.0) and root length (19.07±0.7) reduced of M oleifera. While NaCl (100mM) with CaCl2 (3 mM) treating significantly promoted the growth parameters of M oleifera under salt stress. NaCl (100mM) with CaCl2 (3 mM) treating plants showed increased carotenoids (0.956±0.03), chlorophyll (1.576±0.04), protein (15.67±0.3), proline (61.66±2.3), TPC (28.20±0.24), TFC, compared with untreated M oleifera under salt stress. NaCl (100 mM) with CaCl2 (3 mM) treating increased the antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS) and antioxidant enzymes activities (POD, SOD, CAT, GR, MDA) compared with untreated M oleifera under salt stress. Therefore, the CaCl2 can be productively used to enhancement the seedling establishment and growth of M oleifera grown under salt stress conditions. The molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ signalling induced by CaCl2 treating in M oleifera under salt stress as seed priming agents on the final yield, even under field conditions should be the focus for future research.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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