ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Characterization of Physio-Biochemical Properties
for Leaf Rust in Wheat Associated with Yield
Losses and Disease Resistance Patterns
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1
Division of Plant Pathology, FoA, SKUAST, Jammu-180009, J and K, India
2
Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, FoA, FoA, SKUAST, Jammu-180009, J and K, India
3
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture Sciences, Teerthankar Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar
Pradesh-244001, India
4
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi
Arabia
5
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Alkhurmah University College, Taif University, Taif, 21974, Saudi Arabia
6
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
7
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
8
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Submission date: 2024-05-02
Final revision date: 2024-08-19
Acceptance date: 2024-08-23
Online publication date: 2024-10-14
Publication date: 2025-11-04
Rokayya Sami
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi
Arabia
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(6):6751-6761
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Leaf rust of wheat is an important biotic plant stress influence in yield reduction of wheat. Host
resistance is a feasible approach for dealing with disease management in wheat. Germplasm screening
with resistance reactions will be helpful in the development of resistant lines; on the other hand,
plant cellular responses during the host pathogen interaction may vary depending on the resistance
and susceptibility of the cultivar. Knowledge of cell membrane stability and stress protein during the
pathogen interaction helps in quantifying disease and the effect of these parameters on yield losses.
48 germplasm has been screened with two susceptible germplasm, and two biochemical parameters
such as proline and membrane stability were calculated among germplasm. Agra local and PBW343
show the lowest proline content at 0.505 and 0.405 μMoles/g, with the lowest membrane stability of
12.34 and 115.32 with susceptible reactions. Cluster analysis of the germplasm based on quantitative
disease scoring and qualitative disease parameters divides the germplasm into four clusters, such as
germplasm viz., cluster 1 with 16 germplasm viz., JSW 3, 5, 9, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19, 26, 28, 29, 32,
34, 41. This germplasm was observed with disease severity from 0.75 to 6, and the disease reaction of the germplasm ranges from R, RMR, and MR and was recorded as 1.85 to 2.475 μMoles/g, and EC or
membrane stability was between 10.32 and 42. Observing the experimental studies, it was identified
that the categorization of this germplasm into slow rust and race-specific based on the disease scoring
and physio-biochemical parameters helps in the breeding of durable varieties.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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