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eISSN: 2083-5906
ISSN: 1230-1485
ISSN: 1230-1485
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Do Urban Rivers Provide Sanctuary
to Macroinvertebrates? A Case Study of an Urban
Stretch of the Apies River in Pretoria, South Africa
1
Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, School of Science and Technology,
Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa
Submission date: 2025-05-06
Final revision date: 2025-07-12
Acceptance date: 2025-10-02
Online publication date: 2025-11-20
Corresponding author
Jeffrey Lebepe
Biology and Environmental Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlego Street 1, 0204, Pretoria, South Africa
Biology and Environmental Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlego Street 1, 0204, Pretoria, South Africa
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to investigate macroinvertebrate assemblage in relation to water
quality and habitat availability along the longitudinal gradient of an urban Apies River in Pretoria,
South Africa. Macroinvertebrate and water sampling were conducted during dry and wet seasons,
from December 2019 to March 2020, and between February 2021 and December 2022 at the three sites
in the Apies River. The water exhibited neutral to slightly alkaline pH in all sites throughout the study,
whereas significant differences were observed for nutrients and sulphate levels between the three sites.
The nutrient levels exhibited oligotrophic, eutrophic, and mesotrophic conditions at Sites 1, 2, and 3,
respectively. Moreover, the macroinvertebrate assemblage showed an association with habitat scores
and water quality. The diversity was relatively higher at Sites 1 and 3 compared to Site 2. However,
sensitive taxa were associated with Site 1, whereas tolerant taxa were associated with Sites 2 and 3.
The average score per taxon ranged from 4.88-5.68, 3.27- 4.07, and 3.83-4.61 at Sites 1, 2, and 3,
respectively. The findings of this study highlight the importance of urban Apies Rivers in providing
habitats for aquatic biota and the role of anthropogenic litter in shaping macroinvertebrate community
structure.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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