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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hydrogeochemical Analysis of Karst Spring
Water Under Highway Construction
1
Guangxi Communications Design Group Co. Ltd, Guangxi Nanning 530029, China
2
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR＆Guangxi /International
Research Center on Karst, UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
3
Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo 531406, China
4
Yulin No.10 Middle School, Yulin 537000, China
Submission date: 2024-06-28
Final revision date: 2024-09-19
Acceptance date: 2024-10-28
Online publication date: 2025-01-27
Publication date: 2025-11-14
Corresponding author
Qiong Xiao
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR＆Guangxi /International Research Center on Karst, UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR＆Guangxi /International Research Center on Karst, UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(6):8177-8188
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Fulong Spring, along K398–K402 in the Hezhou-Bama Highway’s Dahua section, was selected
for hydrochemical monitoring. This study tracked 13 hydrogeochemical indices, including EC and
6 ions, at 7 sampling points from May 2019 to July 2020. The Piper and Gibbs graphical methods,
along with statistical analyses, assessed hydrochemical types, spatiotemporal variations, and controlling
factors. The key findings included: ① Fulong Spring has a pH ranging from 6.52 to 10.03 (average
7.22), indicating neutral to alkaline water with Ca2+ and Mg2+ as dominant cations and HCO3- and NO3-
as principal anions. The hydrochemical type, Ca-HCO3, reflects the influence of carbonate rock.
The water type at the Nongfa Tunnel entrance is Na-K-HCO3 due to tunnel construction drainage.
② Geochemical indicators in Fulong Basin show minimal seasonal variation, suggesting limited
precipitation influence. The tunnel drainage area and Dangui Karst Window show significant spatial
differences compared to other points. ③ Most sampling points, except the Nongfa tunnel, exhibit
significant water-rock control with minimal precipitation and evaporation influence. However, in the
Nongfa Tunnel, carbonate rock dissolution predominantly influences the hydrochemical characteristics.
The Nongfa Tunnel is impacted by tunnel drainage and agricultural chemical fertilizer pollution, while
the Dangui Karst Window exhibits agricultural fertilization-induced valley sink water contamination.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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| eISSN: | 2083-5906 |
| ISSN: | 1230-1485 |
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