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eISSN: 2083-5906
ISSN: 1230-1485
ISSN: 1230-1485
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality
Assessment of Limestone Groundwater
in the Taiyuan Formation: A Case Study
from the Qingdong Coal Mine, China
1
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
2
Coal Industry Engineering Research Center for Exploration and Early Warning of Mine Water Disaster, Anhui
University of Science and Technology, 232000, Huainan, Anhui, China
3
School of Environment and Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
Submission date: 2026-02-06
Final revision date: 2026-04-13
Acceptance date: 2026-04-21
Online publication date: 2026-09-03
Corresponding author
Jiying Xu
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou, 234000, Anhui, China
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the hydrochemical characteristics and water quality of limestone water in
the Taiyuan Formation at Qingdong Coal Mine, China. A total of 20 water samples were collected and
analyzed for major ions. Statistical analysis, Piper and Gibbs diagrams, and ion correlation methods
were applied to understand the hydrochemical characteristics and water-rock interactions. Water quality
was assessed using single-factor, Nemerow, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods. The results
show that the groundwater is slightly alkaline and brackish, dominated by Na+, Ca2+, SO42‒, and Cl‒, with the primary hydrochemical type being Ca·Na+K-SO4·Cl. Water quality assessment indicates that
the groundwater is predominantly Class IV and V, with sulfate as the most significant pollutant. These
findings provide a scientific basis for the sustainable management of groundwater resources in coal
mining regions by elucidating the evaporation-driven hydrochemical evolution of the Taiyuan Formation
limestone aquifer.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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| eISSN: | 2083-5906 |
| ISSN: | 1230-1485 |
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