Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) enhances crop productivity and nutritional quality while preserving soil health. This study evaluated the impact of the integrated application of enriched compost derived from organic waste and chemical fertilizers on cucumber (Cucumis sativus) growth, yield, and zinc (Zn) biofortification under pot conditions. A total of six treatments were tested: T1 (control), T2 (chemical fertilizers: urea + diammonium phosphate (DAP) + sulfate of potash (SOP)), T3 (zinc coated urea (zabardast urea) + DAP + SOP), T4 (zinc-enriched compost), T5 (zinc-enriched compost + chemical fertilizers), and T6 (zinc-enriched compost + Zabardast urea + DAP + SOP). The integrated treatment (T6: enriched compost + Zabardast urea + DAP + SOP) outperformed others, improving seed germination (27%), seed vigor index (56%), chlorophyll content (54%), and key biochemical parameters: carbohydrates (30%), soluble sugars (18%), protein (26%), and fiber (20%). Morphological traits such as vine length (22%), stem girth (65%), number of leaves per plant (42%), and fruit yield (8%) were also highest under T6. Furthermore, soil analysis after harvest revealed a substantial increase in organic matter and the availability of macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and micronutrients (zinc and iron). Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis confirmed strong positive associations between improved soil fertility and cucumber performance. These results underscore the potential of enriched compost derived from organic waste in recycling nutrients and reducing reliance on synthetic inputs. The integrated use of enriched compost and chemical fertilizers (T6) represents a sustainable, climate-resilient nutrient management strategy to enhance soil health, crop productivity, and nutritional value.