ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Littering in Developing Countries: The Case of Jordan
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1
Civil Engineering Department, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
 
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Psychological Science and Special Education Department, Al-alBayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
 
3
Civil Engineering Department, American University of Madaba, Amman, Jordan
 
 
Submission date: 2018-06-01
 
 
Final revision date: 2018-08-18
 
 
Acceptance date: 2018-09-03
 
 
Online publication date: 2019-05-06
 
 
Publication date: 2019-07-08
 
 
Corresponding author
Shadi Moqbel   

The University of Jordan, Queen Rania Street, The University of Jordan, Civil Engineering Departm Amman, Jordan
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2019;28(5):3819-3827
 
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ABSTRACT
Improving solid waste management practices and policies in developing countries requires handling of difficult topics such as littering. In this work we investigated littering in Jordan, a developing countries. A questionnaire was constructed to solicit people’s justification for littering. The questionnaire considered three categories: social reasons, physical reasons, and psychological reasons. In addition, the study considered the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. People’s view of the norm in Jordan, their education, and the belief that litter cleaning is not their job were the most significant reasons in the social category for littering. Infrastructure and honoring bread were the most significant reasons in the physical reasons for littering. Disgust and fear of sickness were the most significant reasons among the psychological reasons for littering. Results of the socio-demographical characteristics study indicate that young people and people aged 50 years and above tend to litter more, minimum education and basic environmental awareness are crucial in improving people’s littering behavior, littering is not related to income, and there are no gender differences in littering for psychological reasons.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
 
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eISSN:2083-5906
ISSN:1230-1485
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