Agriculture in Poland is one of the major sources of emissions of gaseous pollutants. In this respect, Polish agriculture is facing many difficult challenges, including reduction of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production and emissions of nitrous oxides and suboxides from manure and mineral fertilizers. Reducing emissions of, among others, gas from agriculture requires the introduction of innovative techniques and tools to increase the efficiency of agricultural production and waste from livestock and crop residues. The main objective of this paper is to outline the problem of low carbon agriculture in Poland, with particular emphasis on emissions of methane and nitrous oxide. This paper presents the main determinants and problems related to the development of low-carbon agriculture in Poland. The source of information for writing the paper was literature of the subject and statistical data of the Central Statistical Office.