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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Multi-Dimensional Exploration of Pumped Storage
to Solve the Challenges in New Power System
Transformation under the “Dual Carbon” Target
1
Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University,
Yichang 443002, China
2
College of Economics and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
3
College of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic Institute, Nanyang 473000, China
4
College of Hydraulic and Environment Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
Submission date: 2024-09-22
Final revision date: 2024-11-18
Acceptance date: 2024-12-02
Online publication date: 2025-04-16
Publication date: 2026-01-30
Corresponding author
Cong Feng
Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, No. 8 University Road, Xiling District, Yichang, H, 443002, Yichang, China
Hubei Key Laboratory of Construction and Management in Hydropower Engineering, China Three Gorges University, No. 8 University Road, Xiling District, Yichang, H, 443002, Yichang, China
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2026;35(1):581-600
KEYWORDS
New power systempumped storagemulti-energy complementationinternational comparisonmulti-dimension analysis
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Driven by the “dual carbon” target, the new power system transformation is facing challenges
in system stability and economy brought by the new energy’s multi-temporal and spatial uncertainties.
Pumped storage is a good response to these challenges by providing multiple-time-scale energy
storage to improve the grid security level and power energy quality and achieve economical
and energy–saving operation of the power grid. Starting by analyzing the main challenges faced
during the power system transformation process, this study summarizes the current research status
of pumped storage in China in terms of functional application scenarios, technological innovations,
economic benefits, and environmental benefits. Then, a multi-objective optimization model
of the combined wind-photovoltaic-thermal-pumped storage system is developed to provide preliminary
ideas for addressing the current challenges. Finally, we discuss the scientific issues that need
to be focused on in order to maximize the benefits of pumped storage from the technical, economic,
and environmental perspectives and propose future research directions based on international
experience. The results show that the established model can effectively improve the economic return
of the system and reduce the volatility of the power grid connection. At the same time, it can promote
the efficient utilization of new energy, and the model has high feasibility. In the future, we should
carry out in-depth research on the principles of pumped storage participation in multi-energy
complementation across multi-temporal and spatial scales, vigorously promote technological
innovation and upgrading, explore the market-oriented revenue return mechanisms reflecting the value
contribution of pumped storage, and strengthen the energy and environmental management of pumped
storage power stations. The research in this paper takes into account both macro and micro-level scientific issues and provides ideas for efficiently addressing key challenges in the new power system
transformation.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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| eISSN: | 2083-5906 |
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