Bacterial community in urban river sediments are important participants in the biogeochemical cycles of nutrients. Although the bacterial community in sediments and its response to environmental factors have been studied in individual river or branch, knowledge of that in urban river network is limited. The purpose of this study was to characterize the bacterial community in sediments from urban river network from downtown of Tianjin, China. Bacterial community was investigated using highthroughput sequencing technology and the response of bacterial community to environmental factors was revealed by redundancy analysis (RDA). The predominant bacteria phyla in urban river network were Proteobacteria (39.1%), Bacteroidetes (13.3%) and Chloroflexi (10.4%). The diversity and richness indexes of bacterial community in sediments from low urbanized area were higher than that from high urbanized area. The bacterial community in sediments from different area exhibited significant spatial differences, which was also related to urbanization. Particle size and ion extractable nitrogen (IEF-N) were identified as the main factors influencing the bacterial community in the urban river network. The results indicated that anthropogenic activity played important role in bacterial community and diversity in the urban river network.