Through the analysis of wind deposition, wind erosion and vegetation in the source region of the Yangtze River from 2005 to 2015. The results showed that wind deposition showed a decreasing trend from 2005 to 2015. And wind erosion also showed a decreasing trend year by year. The average value of wind deposition was basically equal to wind erosion average value from 2005 to 2015. The order of average thickness of wind deposition in the source region of the Yangtze River was summer > autumn > winter > spring. The order of average thickness of wind erosion in the source region of the Yangtze River was winter = spring > summer > autumn. According to the change of wind deposition and wind erosion in the study area for 11 years, there was a positive correlation between wind deposition and wind erosion (p<0.01). Wind erosion in the source area of the Yangtze River would not bring great pressure to the opening of the Qinghai Tibet railway as protection from the government played an important role in the source area of the Yangtze. However, there was still a lot of work to be done to control desertification in the source area of the Yangtze, and to ensure the ecological safety of the source area of the Yangtze and the whole Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The results are also helpful for further understanding of the wind erosion situations in the Tibetan Plateau and providing scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of wind erosion.