The interactions between landscape patterns and ecological processes have become more complex with rapid urbanization. In China, urban haze pollution has become increasingly apparent. Elucidating the relationship between urban landscape patterns and haze effects is essential for understanding the formation and development of haze and implementing effective mitigation measures. In-depth studies of the effects of three-dimensional urban landscape patterns on haze are hindered by data limitations, unreliable methods, and complex processes. This study reviews the use of landscape indices, with the aim of advancing understanding of the impacts of three-dimensional urban landscape patterns on the distribution and diffusion of haze pollution. The literature is examined to assess the status and progress of research on the use of landscape indices, and a summary of case studies in which landscape indices have been used in haze pollution modeling is presented. Furthermore, a feasible perspective based on a landscape pattern index is presented. In light of this review focusing on the relationship between urban landscape patterns and processes, new approaches for determining the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of haze distribution and diffusion and haze-prone areas, and for optimizing landscape patterns, are identified.