ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Municipal Solid Waste as a Renewable Source of Energy: an Overview from the Lahore District in Punjab, Pakistan
Shabnam Shahzad1, 2, Aleem Butt1, 3, Shahzad Anwar1, Sajid Rashid Ahmad3, Tehmina Sarwar4, Nihal Asghar1
 
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1Solution Environment and Analytical Laboratories, Kot Lakhpat, Lahore, Pakistan
2University De Liege, Belgium
3College of Earth and Environmental Science
4Institute of business Management, UET, Lahore
 
 
Submission date: 2016-11-18
 
 
Final revision date: 2017-02-23
 
 
Acceptance date: 2017-02-23
 
 
Online publication date: 2017-10-13
 
 
Publication date: 2017-11-07
 
 
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2017;26(6):2721-2729
 
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ABSTRACT
Pakistan is currently facing a severe energy crisis. According to the latest 2016 figures issued by the government of Pakistan (GOP), electricity demand of the country is about 21,200 MW against the maximum generation 16,000 MW, with a shortfall of about 5,000 MW. The presented study was carried out to find an environmentally friendly renewable source of energy to fill this gap. For this purpose Lahore municipal solid waste was used to calculate the power generation potential. Sampling was completed from all three economic zones – high income (H), medium income (M), and low income (L) – during the whole year, capturing the impacts of all seasons. These samples were brought to a laboratory and analyzed for their calorific values with the help of a bomb calorimeter according to WTE-thermal treatment process. Gross calorific and theoretical energy recovery potential value (from H, L, and M) areas were 3,670, 2,753, and 1,960 kcal/ kg, and 5,872, 4,405, and 3,136 kwh/ton, respectively. This waste-to-energy (WTE) treatment is the most suitable solution for pollution-free LMSW conversion into a renewable energy generation source.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
 
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