The study focuses on heavy metal-contaminated land in rural areas of northern China and dryland soil. Electrochemical sensors and other related methods are used to detect heavy metal content in soil. Based on the traditional heavy metal pollution soil evaluation model, an evaluation model considering comprehensive pollution factors is proposed to assess the situation of heavy metal pollution in soil. Finally, provide effective treatment suggestions based on the heavy metal pollution situation in the soil. According to the distribution of heavy metals in the sample collection area, about 94% of the areas belonged to Class I areas, and the soil quality met national safety quality requirements. The heavy metal content in crops did not exceed safety standards. The main pollutants in other areas were cadmium and nickel, with only a few areas severely polluted. Zone C and Zone D were selected as examples for analysis, with data sourced from agricultural economic data, regional statistical yearbooks, and environmental monitoring data from the region over the years. Four typical cadmium and nickel pollution areas were selected for risk assessment. In evaluating soil quality standards, Zone D was the main production area for grain crops, with densely distributed factories. The Cd content in region D was relatively high, at 0.711 mg/kg, and the soil quality belonged to level three. However, the nickel content in farmland in all four regions was within the first-level soil quality range (50 mg/kg), and there was no problem with heavy metal pollution. In addition, the average wheat yield in the four regions was calculated to be 9.249 t/hm², which was not significantly affected. In the comprehensive evaluation of the three indicators, the soil in the four regions was safe, but the accumulation trend of elements was slight, indicating a certain trend of heavy metal pollution in the study area.