ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Seasonal Variation of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Precipitation in the Pelabuhanratu Bay, West Java
 
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1
Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
 
2
Marine Sciences Study Program, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran. Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
 
 
Submission date: 2025-04-09
 
 
Final revision date: 2025-06-02
 
 
Acceptance date: 2025-07-07
 
 
Online publication date: 2025-12-01
 
 
Corresponding author
Sunarto Sunarto   

Department of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran. Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
 
 
 
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Pelabuhanratu Bay, the largest bay on Java’s southern coast, is characterized by dynamic sediment transport influenced by seasonal precipitation and hydrodynamic forces. This study analyzed the variability of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) from 2015 to 2019 using Landsat-8 OLI imagery calibrated against in situ measurements. The regression model between satellite-derived and ground-truth TSS showed strong agreement (R² > 0.70), validating the use of remote sensing for coastal monitoring. Results indicate that TSS concentrations peaked during Transition Season II, with a mean of 57.94 mg/L, despite the highest rainfall occurring in the Northwest Monsoon. This suggests that sediment resuspension driven by tidal currents and wind plays a significant role. Station 6, located near a river mouth, recorded the highest TSS (85 mg/L), whereas Station 7, situated in a more sheltered zone, exhibited the lowest levels due to natural filtration. The five-year analysis revealed increasing TSS trends at several sites, underscoring the compounded effects of climate variability and human activities. Cloud cover constraints during peak rainy seasons highlight the need for integrated monitoring strategies combining remote sensing, hydrodynamic modeling, and field validation. These findings provide critical insight into managing sedimentation and preserving water quality in monsoon-influenced estuarine systems.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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