Studying the ecosystem service value is of great value for solving the contradiction between ecological protection and economic development in the Huaihe River Basin. The characteristics of land use change were studied by using the Landsat remote sensing image data of Anhui section and Henan section of Huaihe River Basin from 2010 to 2020. The equivalent factor method was used to estimate the ecosystem service value, and the spatial autocorrelation model was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of ecosystem service value The GM-BP model was used to predict the land use change in 2025. The results showed that: (1) From 2010 to 2020, cultivated land and construction land dominated the land use in the study area, and the degree of land use change changed from severe to stable. (2) The value of ecosystem services is in the transition stage from low level (II) to medium level (III). (3) ecosystem service value has a significant positive spatial correlation, and the spatial distribution is generally high in the southeast and low in the northwest. (4) Compared with 2020, ecosystem service value will rise by 0.54 % in 2025.