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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Spatiotemporal Variations and Main Drivers
of Landscape Ecological Risks in the Qinling-Daba
Mountains: A Case Study in Ankang City
1
Xi’an Jianda Institute of Urban Planning and Design, Xi’an,710055, China
2
Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an,710055, China
Submission date: 2023-11-07
Final revision date: 2024-02-01
Acceptance date: 2024-03-29
Online publication date: 2024-08-05
Publication date: 2025-01-02
Corresponding author
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(1):815-834
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
In the context of “ecological civilization construction” in China, it is important to scientifically assess
the landscape ecological risks (LER) in eco-sensitive regions. This is crucial to identify spatiotemporal
variations and drivers, develop ecological security patterns, and achieve spatial protection and
governance of the region. We selected Ankang City in the Qinling-Daba Mountains region and divided
the region into 921 ecological risk assessment units using remotely sensed land use data and landscape
pattern indexes from the 2000-2020 period. A landscape ecological risk index (LERI) model was
constructed using geostatistics, spatial statistics, and boosted regression tree analysis for quantitative
assessment of spatiotemporal variations in LERIs and their drivers. During 2000-2020, the land use
structure underwent considerable changes in woodland and construction land areas. Woodlands were
mainly converted from cropland and grassland, as well as construction land from cropland, grassland,
and water bodies; the LERI decreased from 0.1627 to 0.1609. Spatially, the LERI level was higher in
the northwest and lower in the southeast, higher in the middle, and lower in the surrounding areas.
The LERI gravity centers were detected in Hanbin District, with trends of southeast to northwest
shift and concentrated contraction. The contraction trend of the major axis was stronger than that
of the minor axis. Mean annual temperature, GDP, mean annual precipitation, drought index, and
soil total phosphorus were the primary drivers of LERI. Furthermore, the effects of human economic
activities on LERI show a trend of decreasing and then increasing over time. These findings can aid
policy and decision-making for sustainable development in the Qinglin–Daba Mountains region.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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