ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Cattle Breed and Forage-Concentrate
Ratio on Fecal Methane and Nitrous Oxide
Emissions
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1
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
2
Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Pati, Indonesia
3
Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment,
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Serpong, Indonesia
Submission date: 2022-05-31
Final revision date: 2022-11-24
Acceptance date: 2023-02-13
Online publication date: 2023-04-06
Publication date: 2023-05-18
Corresponding author
Mohammad Ikhsan Shiddieqy
Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor, 16915, Bogor, Indonesia
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2023;32(3):2809-2817
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ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out to assess the methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission
from feces of different Indonesian cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio. The objectives of this
study were to calculate the amount of CH4 and N2O emission and to analyze the effect of different
cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio on CH4 and N2O emissions. The experiment used 3 x 2
factorial design. The first factor was three Indonesian local cattle breeds (Bali cattle, Madura cattle and
Peranakan Ongole cattle). The second factor was two ratios of forage-concentrate (70:30 and 30:70).
The gas was collected manually by using the 20 mL plastic syringe on 11 observation days in a month.
On each observation day, the gas was collected five times with 10-minute interval (minute 10, 20, 30,
40 and 50 after chamber closure) between 2 and 3 pm. Analysis of variance (Anova) was conducted to
analyze the effect of cattle breeds and forage-concentrate ratio. The result showed emission peak of
CH4 was on day 0 to 6, while the N2O peak was on day 9 to 15. The highest amount of CH4 emission
occurred on feces of Bali cattle with 30:70 forage-concentrate ratio (895 mg CH4/kg/day) on the first day
of observation. The highest amount of N2O emission was occurred on feces of Peranakan Ongole cattle
with 30:70 forage-concentrate ratio (71,781.62 μg N2O/kg/day) on day 15. The cattle breed and forageconcentrate
ratio had no significant effect on both CH4 and N2O emission from feces.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.