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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Relationship between Public
Health Expenditure and Air Pollutants:
An Empirical Analysis for MENA
Countries for the Period 2000-2021
1
Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Algiers 3, Algiers. Algeria
2
Information System Department King Abdulaziz University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Submission date: 2024-02-23
Final revision date: 2024-04-03
Acceptance date: 2024-05-14
Online publication date: 2024-07-30
Publication date: 2025-01-28
Corresponding author
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(3):3285-3295
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The rapid economic growth of recent years and the resulting environmental pollution in the Middle
East and North Africa (MENA) countries are serious concerns for the health of the general public.
The main objective of this article is to measure the relationship between air pollutants and public health
spending in MENA countries through an econometric model for the period 2000-2021. The fixed or
random effects model will be used to test the proposed hypotheses and control variables will be included
to obtain accurate and reliable results.
The results are based on a panel of fully modified least squares. The results show that there is a long-term causality between renewable energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in healthcare spending. Renewable energy and health spending are positively and significantly related. It is concluded that investment in renewable energy leads to a reduction in air pollution, improvements in health care, and the promotion of economic growth.
The results are based on a panel of fully modified least squares. The results show that there is a long-term causality between renewable energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in healthcare spending. Renewable energy and health spending are positively and significantly related. It is concluded that investment in renewable energy leads to a reduction in air pollution, improvements in health care, and the promotion of economic growth.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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