The sustainable development of rural production space system (RPSS) is the key to rural revitalization in China. Based on the flow-driven model for the evolution of RPSS and the entropy change model of RPSS, evolution law and sustainable development capacity of RPSS in China from 2008 to 2017 are analysed using the entropy weight method. The following main conclusions are drawn: (1) From 2008 to 2017, total entropy of RPSS in China showed a downward trend, the score of system sustainable development capacity showed an upward trend, and the system developed in an orderly, sustainable manner. Sustainable development strategies of RPSS are proposed through the analysis of specific indicators. (2) The information entropy model is a feasible, effective mathematical model to explain the flow-driven mechanism for the evolution of RPSS. (3) The index system based on information entropy model provides a perspective for the study of rural sustainable development. Research results provide theoretical guidance for optimising RPSS and rural revitalization.