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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Triple
and Single-Capsule Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.)
Varieties and Their Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
1
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
2
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
3
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
Submission date: 2023-11-28
Final revision date: 2024-02-14
Acceptance date: 2024-03-29
Online publication date: 2024-07-24
Publication date: 2025-01-02
Corresponding author
Hüseyin Arslan
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(1):767-776
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Sesame is a historic oilseed crop cultivated globally. The crop harbors natural antioxidants in
plant tissues, including leaves, stems, and seeds. Understanding flower development mechanisms
is crucial for higher yield and quality. However, the physiological and molecular aspects of threeand
single-capsule flower development in sesame remain unexplored. This study investigated the
transcriptome during sesame flower development, focusing on three-capsule (Arslanbey) and singlecapsule
(Hatipoğlu) cultivars during 2017-2018. Physiological analyses (iron chelation, DPPH, FRAP)
and qRT-PCR of APETALA1, APETALA2, SPL4, SOC1, AT4G37770, SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase
genes were conducted. Metal-iron chelation, FRAP, and DPPH in leaf tissues indicated higher values
in the single-capsule cultivar, while catalase and peroxidase activity were higher in the three-capsule
cultivar. Expression analyses at different weeks post-flowering showed peak levels for AP1, AP2, SPL4,
SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase at 8W-H (8th-Hatipoğlu) in the single-capsule cultivar, and for SOC1 and
AT4G37770 at 9W-H (9th-Hatipoğlu). Capsule-related gene expression over 9 weeks revealed 8W-H
(8th-Hatipoğlu). As abundant for APETALA1, APETALA2, SPL4, SILPT3, and beta-glucosidase, while
9W-H (9th-Hatipoğlu) was abundant for SOC1 and AT4G37770. In this study, which was carried out
to examine the factors affecting the encapsulation status of single-capsule and three-capsule sesame
varieties, evaluations were made based on the data obtained as a result of the observations and
analysis. All analyses have shown that the single and triple encapsulation phenomena are quite complex
and depend on multiple gene mechanisms and multiple biochemicals. In summary, our study unveils
the intricate genetic and biochemical factors influencing capsule development in single-capsule
and three-capsule sesame varieties. These findings offer valuable insights for future breeding strategies
and molecular studies in sesame and related crops.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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