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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Study on Genotype × Environment Interaction
in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Varieties under the Changing Climate
of Eastern Sub-Himalayan Plains
1
Department of Agronomy, Uttar Bangla Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Coochbehar-736165, West Bengal, India
2
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Uttar Bangla Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari,
Coochbehar-736165, West Bengal, India
3
Department of Agricultural Statistics, Uttar Bangla Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari,
Coochbehar-736165, West Bengal, India
4
Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
5
Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Submission date: 2024-04-16
Final revision date: 2024-05-30
Acceptance date: 2024-06-12
Online publication date: 2024-09-16
Publication date: 2025-05-09
Corresponding author
Akbar Hossain
Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 2025;34(4):4235-4254
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
The study of genotype x environment (G x E) interaction plays a crucial role in the context of
changing climate scenarios. This field experiment was conducted during rabi (winter) seasons of two
consecutive years, i.e., 2017-18 and 2018-19, to identify the potential wheat varieties having greater
yield stability over varying sowing dates under eastern sub-Himalayan plains of India. The experiment
was laid out in a split-plot design having four different dates of sowing (November 5, November 25,
December 15, and January 5) in main plots with six wheat genotypes (HS 562, HD 2967, HD 3086, HI
1544, MACS 6222, and WR 522) in sub-plots, each replicated three times. Observations such as plant
height (cm), days to physiological maturity, spikes m-2, grains spike-1, 1000 seed weight (g), biomass
yield (q ha-1), and grain yield (q ha-1) were recorded. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and
phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) values of the characters were low to moderate. The association
among the characters indicated improvement in most of the attributing characters except 1000 seed
weight, and the path analysis revealed that the highest direct effect on grain yield was exhibited by
spike m-2 (1.216). The ranking of the genotypes based on the rescaled index value of the seven characters
showed that the variety HD 2967 was the best and highest performer with rank 1, followed by MACS
6222 (Rank 2) and HI 1544 (Rank 3). However, stability analysis revealed that HI 1544 and MACS 6222
were the most stable for grain yield compared to other varieties. Based on the AMMI stability value (ASV), yield stability index (YSI), and the Eberhart and Russel model (1966), HI 1544 (Rank 1) was
the most stable for grain yield over the eight environments. The AMMI analysis revealed that the most
stable varieties were HI 1544 and MACS 6222, and the highest yielding variety, HD 2967 (Rank 3) had
a better YSI ranking but with lower buffering capacity, leading to a higher response to environmental
fluctuations arising out of the varying sowing dates under the eastern sub-Himalayan plains of India.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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